Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia are known as?

The correct term for spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and are associated with diseases such as pneumonia is "diplococci." This term specifically describes a form of bacteria that occurs in pairs, which is characteristic of certain types of cocci. When these bacteria multiply, they retain their spherical shape and remain coupled together, forming a characteristic arrangement that is vital for identification.

In the context of pneumonia, diplococci, particularly Streptococcus pneumoniae, are a common cause. This underscores the importance of recognizing the arrangement and morphology of bacteria in relation to their pathological implications. The distinction between other types of bacteria is significant; bacilli are rod-shaped, streptococci appear in chains, and staphylococci form clusters, which are not relevant to this question. Identifying bacteria based on their shape and growth pattern is fundamental to microbiology and helps in diagnosing and treating infections effectively.