__________ bacteria produce disease.

Pathogenic bacteria are defined as those that can cause disease in humans, animals, or plants. They possess specific traits that enable them to invade host tissues, evade the immune system, and produce toxins or enzymes that disrupt normal biological function, leading to illness or infection. Understanding the role of pathogenic bacteria is crucial in fields like cosmetology and nail technology, as it informs professionals about sanitation and hygiene practices necessary to prevent infections and protect both themselves and their clients.

In contrast, non-pathogenic bacteria typically do not cause disease and often play beneficial roles, such as aiding digestion or contributing to environmental processes. The term "SPF" refers to sun protection factor, which relates to UV protection in skincare rather than bacteria. The descriptor "round" pertains to the shape of certain bacteria but does not classify them based on their pathogenicity or affect health outcomes. Thus, the identification of pathogenic bacteria is vital for maintaining health and safety standards within the beauty and wellness industries.